About the Book
The book presents a complete course in Practical Physics prescribed for Class XII of the 10 + 2 system and is in full conformity with the latest specifications laid down by the Central Board of Secondary Education (CBSE), New Delhi, and other Indian school education boards.

Laboratory work has two important aspects. First, it provides an opportunity to study the rules and laws of physics that govern the natural world. Secondly, it equips students with tools for many human activities—such as those of engineers, electronic designers, and managers of physics projects—that allow us to alter and construct the material world to suit our needs and pursue our desire to discover the unknown.

The book is divided into three sections. The section titled Basics of Experimental Physics does not form part of the prescribed syllabus but is devoted to a proper discussion of error analysis, use of logarithms, graphs, and basic measuring instruments. This discussion includes instruments such as Vernier calipers, screw gauges, and spherometers, ensuring that students do not need to refer back to the Class XI practical book when using these instruments for experiments. This is followed by sections A and B, which are dedicated to formal experimental physics and activities prescribed in the current syllabus.

It is observed that the average student requires initiative to conduct experiments independently. To achieve this aim and make the book result-oriented, it is enriched with the following features:

Salient Features of the Book:
• Emphasis on Error Analysis: The book emphasizes error analysis, the use of logarithms, graphs, and basic measuring instruments to train students before they undertake experiments and activities.
• Theory Preceding Experiments: Each experiment is preceded by the necessary and relevant theory.
• Detailed Procedures: The procedure for each experiment is explained in detail, allowing students to perform the experiments with ease and skill.
• Observation Recording: A systematic and scientific scheme for recording observations in tabular form is encouraged throughout the book.
• Precautions and Errors: Precautions and sources of error in experiments are emphasized to help students perform successfully and arrive at accurate results.
• Exercises for In-Depth Study: Simple and relevant exercises on the prescribed experiments are discussed with necessary hints for an in-depth study.
• Viva Voce Preparation: Viva voce is an important aspect of practical examinations. To help students prepare confidently, a large number of frequently asked questions (FAQs) are included after each experiment.
• Investigatory Projects: Investigatory projects are provided at the end of the book.
Some experiments involve subtle points, but students often perform them mechanically without understanding the underlying principles. Young experimenters should be encouraged to explore these points and visualize the hidden reasons, as it is difficult for the mind to perceive what the eyes cannot see. Readers will appreciate the novel feature, Insights, which aims at unraveling such points.