About the Book
The book presents a complete course in Practical Physics prescribed for Class XII of 10 + 2 system and is in full
conformity with the latest specifications laid down by Central Board of Secondary Education, New Delhi and other
Indian School Education Boards.
Laboratory work has two important aspects. First it provides an opportunity to study the rules and laws of
physics that govern the natural world. Secondly, it provides the tools for many human activities — of engineers,
electronic designers, managers of physics projects and others — that allow us to alter and construct the material world
to suit to our needs and to pursue our wish to discover the unknown.
The book has been divided into three sections. The section— Basics of Experimental Physics does not form a part
of the prescribed syllabus but it is devoted to a proper discussion of Error Analysis, use of Logarithm, Graphs and
Basic Measuring Instruments. The discussion of Basic Measuring Instruments, such as Vernier Calipers, Screw
Gauge, Spherometer, etc has been provided with an aim so that the students may not need to go to the Class XI
Practical book, when they need to use these instruments to perform an experiment. It is followed by the sections A and
B, which are devoted to Formal Experimental Physics and Activities in Physics prescribed in the syllabus of the
present course. It is observed that an average student needs initiative to proceed with the experiment in an
independent way. For achieving this aim and to make the book result oriented, the book is studded with the following
features :
Salient Features of the Book :
H Due emphasis has been laid on Error Analysis, use of Logarithm, Graphs and Basic Measuring Instruments to
train the students, before they undertake to proceed with Experiments and Activities.
H Each experimentispreceded by necessary and relevant theory of the experiment.
H Theprocedureofeachexperimenthasbeenexplained withitsminute details, sothatthestudentscanperformthe
experiment with ease and skill.
H The systematic and scientific scheme of recording the observations in tabular form has been encouraged
throughout the book.
H Due emphasis has been given on the precautions and sources of error in an experiment to help the students to
perform the experiment successfully and arrive at the accurate result.
H Simple and relevant Exercises on the prescribed experiments have been discussed with necessary hints with a
view to provide in-depth study of the experiments.
H Viva Voce is an important ingredient of a practical examination. So that the students may prepare themselves
confidently, a large number of Frequently Asked Questions (FAQs) have been given after the experiment.
H Investigatory Projectshave been given at the end of the book.
Some of the experiments involve some subtle point but the students without knowing the hows and whys, hasten
to perform the experiment mechanically. A young experimenter should always be encouraged to explore such points
and try to visualize the hidden reasons, since when the eyes cannot see for themselves, it is difficult for the mind to
perceive. The readers will appreciate the novel feature — Insight of the book, which aims at unravelling such points.